Maldives: Indian troops to exit country as China gains foothold
India is preparing to withdraw its initial contingent of military personnel from the Maldives due to the island nation’s shifting alignment towards China. Approximately 80 Indian troops are set to be withdrawn by Sunday, meeting a deadline set by Maldivian President Mohamed Muizzu, who has shown pro-China inclinations.
The Indian military presence in the Maldives was primarily for maintaining and operating helicopters and an aircraft provided by India. President Muizzu had pledged to remove Indian troops during his election campaign, which saw him come to power in November.
Historically, India has held significant influence over the Maldives, strategically located in the Indian Ocean. However, recent months have seen strains in the relationship, partly due to President Muizzu’s anti-India rhetoric, providing China an opportunity to expand its influence in the region.
A compromise has been reached between India and the Maldives, with Indian civilian technical staff replacing military personnel to operate the aircraft. This move has been perceived by some in the Maldives as a retreat by President Muizzu from his earlier “India Out” stance.
The Maldives’ increasing closeness with China is evident through substantial loans and a comprehensive strategic partnership agreement signed during President Muizzu’s visit to China. Additionally, a recent “military assistance” agreement with China has raised concerns in India, although Chinese officials deny any long-term military plans in the Maldives.
President Muizzu’s administration has faced criticism for lack of transparency regarding agreements with China, similar to previous governments’ dealings with India. Despite India’s concerns, the Maldives has allowed Chinese naval activity in its waters, further straining relations with India.
India, in response, has commissioned a new naval base in the Lakshadweep archipelago, closer to the Maldives, aimed at enhancing its maritime security efforts. However, Indian experts suggest that this move is not solely in response to the current tensions.
President Muizzu’s anti-India stance has raised concerns among many Maldivians, considering India’s significant role in the country’s economy, including food imports, medicine, and tourism. However, recent controversies involving Indian tourists and calls for a boycott have led to a decline in Indian tourist arrivals, while Chinese tourism has surged.
As parliamentary elections approach, President Muizzu’s rhetoric against India is expected to escalate as he aims to secure a majority in the house.
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